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Notes
      3. Old stuff
          3.2. Old physio stuff (around 2005)
              3.2.3. Physiology
                  3.2.3.9. Metabolism and Nutrition
                      3.2.3.9.1. Metabolism
                          3.2.3.9.1.2. Carbohydrate metabolism
 3.2.3.9.1.2.6. Glucose transporter 

Glucose transport

Glucose enters cells by

  1. facilitated diffusion; OR
  2. secondary active transport with Na+ (in intestine and kidney)

Glucose transporter

  • GLUT 1-7
  • Involved in facilitated diffusion.
  • Amino and carboxyl terminals inside the cells
  • Crosses cell membrane 12 times

GLUT 2

  • Located in B cells, liver, epithelial cells of small intestine, kidneys

GLUT 4

  • Stimulated by insulin
  • Located in muscles and adipose tissues.
  • A small population of GLUT4 is released during exercise, independent of insulin.

Sodium-glucose co-transporter

  • SGLT 1-2
  • Involved in secondary active transport of glucose with sodium
  • No homology with GLUTs
  • Crosses cell membrane 12 times also.

SGLT 1

Located in small intestine and renal tubules

SGLT 2

Located in renal tubules

 

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