Regulation of renal blood flow

More details on foetal blood O2 saturation

Changes in pregnancy

 

Basics

• Muscle (cardiac and vascular)
• Physics of blood flow
• Starling forces
• Electrical system
  * Action potential
  * Conduction system
  * ECG

 

Heart

Cardiac muscles

Action potential

Conduction system

ECG (and changes with electrolyte)

Cardiac cycle

PV curve (LV and RV)

P vs Time curve (aortic, radial, LV)

Determinants of cardiac output

Rate, contractility, preload (Starling law) and afterload

 

 

Peripheral circulation

Vascular smooth muscles

Microcirculation

Starling forces

Determinants of circulation

Hemodynamics

Lymph

 

Regulation

Circulation control

BP control

CO control

HR control

Volume control

Osmolality control

ANS control

 

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SAQ topics

Electricity

• Cardiac action potential
• Explain threshold, excitability, irritability
• Conduction velocity

Determinants and Control of the Cardiac Output

• Pressure volume loop for LV, RV
• LA, RA pressure vs time
• Factors affecting LA pressure
• Starling law
• Factors affecting preload
• Factors affecting cardiac output
• Factors affecting venous return

Peripheral Vascular System

• Starling forces
• Substances released by endothelium
• Regulation of peripheral circulation
• Pressure vs time for aortic root and radial artery
• Regulation of blood pressure

Control of Circulation

• Role of baroreceptor
• Autonomic innervation of heart
• Changes on standing
• Valsalva manoeuvre
• Volume receptors

Regional Circulation

• Cerebral blood flow regulation
• Coronary blood flow regulation
• Phasic coronary blood flow in LCA and RCA
• Hepatic blood flow regulation
• Determines of MVO2