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Notes
      3. Old stuff
          3.2. Old physio stuff (around 2005)
              3.2.3. Physiology
                  3.2.3.2. Cardiovascular
                      3.2.3.2.4. Regulatory mechanisms
                          3.2.3.2.4.2. Regulation of peripheral blood flow
                              3.2.3.2.4.2.1. Local control
 3.2.3.2.4.2.1.2. Basal tone of vascular smooth muscles 

Basal tone of vascular smooth muscles

[Ref: BL8:p184]

Independent of the nervous system
* Unlike skeletal muscle tones

Contributing factors

(for basal tone of vascular smooth muscles)

Mostly unknown

But probably involve one or more of the following:

  • Myogenic activity in response to stretch by blood pressure
  • High O2 tension of arterial blood
  • Presence of Ca2+ ions
  • Unknown factors in plasma

 

Reactive hyperemia

= Increased blood flow immediately after release of occlusion, exceeding the flow before occlusion

60 second occlusion
* Peak blood flow about 70% greater
* Returns to normal in 110 seconds

Peak flow and duration of the reactive hyperemia are proportional to the duration of the occlusion

 

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